Are dogs carnivores… or omnivores? And so The Great Debate goes on.

You know, when it comes to choosing a top dog food, you simply have to know the answer to that question.
And you need to know the truth.
So, if you’ve already been told dogs are indifferent omnivores with no natural preferences…
Or that they’re strict carnivores with a built-in aversion to eating fruits and vegetables…
All scientific evidence clearly points to the fact that…
Dogs Have a Natural
and Undeniable Carnivorous Bias
From DNA studies, we know dogs evolved directly from the timber wolf somewhere around 15,000 years ago1.
And, of course, it should come as no surprise… wolves are clearly carnivores.
So, by their very genetic pedigree, dogs also demonstrate similar and noticeable carnivorous traits. Their teeth, their digestive systems and their behavior clearly confirm this fact.
Yet dogs must also be recognized for their significant omnivorous ability.
After all, they do have the ability to eat a remarkably diverse diet. But it’s inappropriate to ignore the fact their bodies are optimized for eating meat.
Dogs Don’t Grind… They Chop
For comparison, think about a typical herbivore. A dairy cow. Now, picture the way they “chew their cud”.
Cows chew widely from side-to-side. And they have broad, flat back teeth. And flat teeth are ideal for grinding grains and plant material into finer particles.
True omnivores (like humans) share this same combination of boxy back teeth and sideways grinding motion common to herbivores. Think of your own mouth and how you chew.
Dogs, on the other hand, don’t have flat teeth. Like all carnivores, they have narrow pointy back teeth.
Plus dogs can’t chew from side-to-side. Their jaws can only move in an up-and-down, chop-chop motion. It’s the perfect combination for cutting meat into smaller chunks.
Why Dogs Don’t Do Carbohydrates Very Well
Now, herbivores and omnivores usually have one powerful digestive weapon carnivores usually lack…
Salivary amylase.
Amylase is a special enzyme plant-eating animals produce in their saliva. It’s a critical enzyme needed to initiate the break down of starchy carbohydrates.
Before they enter the stomach.
Now, meat-eating animals also produce amylase. But the enzyme is produced further down the digestive tract (in the small intestine).
Without amylase, a carnivore’s carbohydrate digestion is decidedly more difficult.
Digestive Anatomy Reveals the Truth
Since they consume fewer but larger meals, carnivores have bigger stomachs than their grazing, plant-eating counterparts.
What’s more, meat-eating animals exhibit a higher concentration of stomach acid. This allows faster digestion of animal protein.
And the stronger acid kills the disease-causing bacteria abundant in decaying meat.
Plus…
Herbivores have a gastrointestinal tract that’s unusually long… sometimes exceeding ten times the animal’s body length. Longer systems like this are needed for consuming a plant-based diet.
Today’s Confusing Dog Food Marketplace
Welcome to the Age of Choice
Yet in spite of this natural carnivorous design, dogs have still managed to evolve over thousands of years… even surviving on the meat and non-meat scraps and leftovers of human existence.
So, over time, dogs have proven to be fully capable of thriving on a variety of foods.
Today, the dog food marketplace has become a living, breathing witness to the animal’s adaptive ability… and is abounding with an astonishing array of product designs.
Some favor meat. Some feature vegetables. And others are made almost entirely of cereal grains and beans.
So, how do you choose the right one for your pet?
The Bottom Line
Just knowing dogs are naturally optimized for eating meat can make it much easier to spot better dog foods.
Even though vegetarian dog foods have been proven to work, it’s important to always give preference to meat-based products. That’s because…
Whether you believe they’re carnivores or omnivores, dog’s possess an undeniable carnivorous bias
Meat-based dog foods are closer to a dog’s natural ancestral diet. They’re more like the real thing.
That’s why meat ingredients should always be the first thing you should look for on any dog food’s ingredients list.
- Lindblad-Toh K, Wade CM, Mikkelsen TS, et al, “Genome sequence, comparative analysis and haplotype structure of the domestic dog”, December 2005, Nature 438 (7069): 803–19 ↩
