[theBCnut]

Hi Sue, yes, we have Parvo. Here in lives in the soil, so your puppy shouldn’t even touch the ground until it has its first shots.

Marie, the immunity received from the mother interfers with the immunity received from vaccines. That’s one of the reasons that so many vaccs are given to puppies. Some types of immunity from the mother wear off faster than others and different pups lose that immunity at different rates. Titers tell you that you have some immunity, but they really don’t indicate how much. High numbers don’t necessarily equate to high immunity and low numbers don’t necessarily equate to low immunity. So because maternal antibodies can interfer with early vaccines and titers don’t really indicate the actual level of immunity, vets usually recommend booster at one year and titering after that. Or they just skip titering all together, because they don’t tell you how much immunity the dog has, they just make you feel good.