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Reply To: High Alt levels
Hi..Diane has your vet ruled out what possibly is causing these high ALT”s from puppyhood? Glad to hear ultrasound is normal . Below are some common causes of the high ALT levels. ALT is an enzyme that may be released with any source of damage to the liver. Blunt trauma, anaphylactic reaction, systemic illness such as thyroid disorders, and other problems that have nothing to do with the liver can cause an elevation of ALT in the blood. Just because ALT is elevated doesn’t mean the liver is failing, however. This result is interpreted in conjunction with clinical signs and other bloodwork and imaging changes.
Increased ALT
Common Causes
• Inflammatory
o Infectious causes
Bacterial cholangiohepatitis
Leptospirosis
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) Histoplasmosis
Infectious canine hepatitis
o Noninfectious causes
Chronic hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Pancreatitis
• Toxic
o NSAIDS
o Phenobarbital
o Corticosteroids
o Methimazole/carbimazole
• Liver hypoxia or hypoperfusion o Anemia
o Congestive heart failure
o Shock
• Metabolic disorders
o Hyperthyroidism (cats)
o Hepatic lipidosis (cats)
o Cushing’s disease
o Diabetes mellitus/diabetic ketoacidosis
• Neoplasia
• Trauma
Generated by VetConnect® PLUS: Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Page 1 of 3
Uncommon Causes
• Portosystemic shunts (usually mild elevations if any)
• Toxic
o Mushroom
o Sago palm
o Aflatoxin
o Ragwort (horses) o Xylitol
o Tetracycyline
o Idiosyncratic drug reactions
• Inherited
o Copper storage disease (certain dog breeds, but particularly severe in Bedlington Terriers)
o Lysosomal storage disorders
• Severe skeletal myopathy, usually mild to moderate increases
• Nutritional hepatopathies
• Gastroenteritis
Related Findings
• Inflammatory
o Increased AST, ALP, GGT, total bilirubin
o Decreased albumin, cholesterol, glucose, BUN in severe cases
o Increased bile acids and ammonia
o Positive titers or PCR for leptospirosis, feline coronavirus (FIP), histoplasmosis o Positive bacterial or fungal culture of liver/bile
o Histopathology/cytology findings consistent with inflammatory hepatic diseases o Increased Spec cPL® or Spec fPL® with pancreatitis
• Metabolic
o Hyperthyroidism
Increased T4, free T4, free T4 by equilibrium dialysis
o Hepatic Lipidosis
Increased ALP
GGT usually normal unless concurrent inflammatory disease is present Enlarged liver on radiographs, hyperechoic liver on ultrasound
Cytology/histopathology consistent with hepatic lipidosis
o Cushing’s Disease
Increased ALP
Decreased urine specific gravity
Stress leukogram: increased neutrophils and monocytes, decreased lymphocytes and/or eosinophils Adrenal function tests consistent with Cushing’s disease
o Diabetes Mellitus
Increased serum glucose and glucosuria Increased fructosamine
Ketonuria (in severe cases)
• Neoplasia
o Enlarged/irregular liver on radiographs and/or ultrasound o Cytology/histopathology findings consistent with neoplasia
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This reply was modified 4 years, 1 month ago by
Patricia A.
-
This reply was modified 4 years, 1 month ago by
Patricia A.
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Search Forums
Recent Topics
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Acid Reflux
by
Sarah S
3 weeks, 5 days ago -
Hip and Joint supplements
by
Judy R
3 weeks, 4 days ago -
Innovations in pet care
by
Troy Lex
1 month ago -
Good dog food for almost 16 year old with elevated liver enzymes and beg kindey
by
Kelly S
2 months ago -
Discounts & On Sale Items for Dog Supplies
by
Emma Monty
2 months, 2 weeks ago
Recent Replies
-
Futsum Abraham on Cane Corso lipomas
-
Evans Shane on Badlands Ranch Superfood Complete
-
Victor Renaud on Food mix recommendations and homemade food book recommendations?
-
Rachael Baum on Supplement recommendations for Cushing’s Disease?
-
Victor Renaud on Large and Giant Breed Puppy Nutrition
-
Emma Monty on Large and Giant Breed Puppy Nutrition
-
Mike Killion on symptoms worsen on hypoallergenic
-
Mozelle Koss on Your recommended brands
-
Mozelle Koss on Expiration on kibble question
-
Adam Bee on Hip and Joint supplements
-
Barb Conway on Acid Reflux
-
Adam Bee on Need feeding advice please
-
Lewis F on Hip and Joint supplements
-
Shannon May on Nitrate content of Farmland Traditions Chicken Jerky treats?
-
thew dental on High quality food that will help my dog lose weight and not poop so much?